《专业分析》栏目集成了广东普通专升本报考热度较高、招生规模多的专业，陆续会更新所有插本专业。每一个专业都从专业分析、就业、考研等方面深入解读，帮助考生家长从报考的角度了解专业，从权威的数据中获取信息。争取为考生选择专业，填报志愿打开一扇大门，帮助考生走出选专业的迷茫。
The Professional Analysis section has become a high-premise and large-scale specialist in the Guangdong special promotion and has renewed all the fields of study. Each of the subjects has been read in depth from the point of view of professional analysis, employment, research, etc., to help the parents of the candidates understand the profession from the point of view of their admission and to obtain information from authoritative data.
华师科教小编今天来聊聊经济学类专业——金融工程：广受青睐，被戏称为最赚钱的专业！
Mr. Hua is here today to talk about economics-financial engineering: a widely favoured profession known as the most profitable one!
近年来，金融理财在人们的日常生活中越来越普遍，存款、借款、理财、债券、基金、股票等名词，多数人应该都听过，但知其然，未必知其所以然；例如销售火爆的基金，发行规模轻松超百亿；还有争议颇多的加密货币比特币，近一年的时间里走出了“过山车”行情，从单价9000美元到超过6.4万美元，再到一度跌破3万美元，一边“造富”，一边“割韭菜”，波动剧烈，究竟是金融创新还是“庞氏骗局”；想要看明白这些金融现象，专业知识的学习，不可或缺。
In recent years, financial management has become increasingly common in people's daily lives, with the terms deposits, borrowings, money management, bonds, funds, equities, etc., most people should have heard, but not necessarily; for example, the sale of hot funds, with an easy distribution of more than 10 billion dollars; and the highly controversial encoded currency, Bitcoin, which, in the last year, has walked out of the “over the mountain” business, from US$ 9,000 to more than US$ 64,000 per unit, to a one-time drop of US$ 30,000, while “finding” and, on the other hand, “breathing”, volatility, whether financial innovation or a “Ponzi scheme”; and learning about these financial phenomena is indispensable if we are to understand them.
兴趣和激情是学习好金融工程专业的最重要的因素。此外，金融工程是创新交叉学科，对数理和编程要求比较高，有一定的数学分析能力有助于更好的学习金融工程。金融工程专业因此需要很强的综合素质和全面发展，比如演讲沟通、团队合作、批判写作、踏实肯干等素质都很重要，金融工程也需要善于观察、勇于实践、敢于创新的实践能力和创新创业能力。
Interest and passion are the most important factors in learning about financial engineering. Moreover, financial engineering is a cross-cutting subject of innovation, with high numerical and programming requirements, and a certain level of mathematical analysis that can lead to a better learning of financial engineering.
?01 专业分析
01 Professional analysis
什么是金融工程 ？
金融工程的概念有狭义和广义两种，狭义的金融工程主要是指利用先进的数学及通讯工具，在各种现有基本金融产品的基础上进行不同形式的组合分解，以设计出符合客户需要并具有特定P/L性的新的金融产品。而广义的金融工程则是指一切利用工程化手段来解决金融问题的技术开发，它不仅包括金融产品设计，还包括金融产品定价、交易策略设计、金融风险管理等各个方面。
The concept of financial engineering is both narrow and broad, and financial engineering in the narrow sense refers mainly to the use of advanced mathematical and communication tools for different forms of combinations based on existing basic financial products in order to design new financial products that meet customer needs and have a specific P/L character. Financial engineering in the broader sense refers to all technological developments that use engineering to solve financial problems, not only in the design of financial products, but also in the pricing of financial products, in the design of trading strategies, and in the management of financial risks.
比如，由于气候变化原因，农产品可能大幅增收或减产，其价格会如过山车般剧烈波动，影响社会稳定和人民生活质量：价格涨幅过大会拉高消费者生活成本，而价格下跌过多则伤害农民收入。因此，金融工程师们设计了各种气候和农产品期货产品，对冲农产品价格风险，保障消费者和农民免受农产品价格波动的负面影响。再比如新冠病毒疾病肆虐危害群众健康，但特效新药的研发周期长、风险高、花费大，一个新药研究平均需要10亿投入和10年时间的投资，成功的概率是5%，金融工程师因此设计了多种金融产品，分散降低研发风险，支撑医药行业创新。
For example, as a result of climate change, agricultural products may increase or decrease significantly, with prices as volatile as those of a rollover, affecting social stability and the quality of life of the population: price increases raise consumers’ cost of living, while prices fall too much to the detriment of farmers’ incomes. Thus, financial engineers design a variety of climate and agricultural futures products to hedge agricultural price risks and protect consumers and farmers from the negative effects of agricultural price volatility.
金融和金融工程专业都属于经济学中的金融大类。
The financial and financial engineering profession falls within the broad financial category of economics.
通俗的讲，相较于金融学，金融工程更加强调应用数学模型、计算机技术等工程化手段来解决金融领域的相关问题；金融工程可培养金融工程师(分析师)，在政府机构、商业银行、证券公司、投资基金、咨询公司等负责金融产品的定价模型的开发、量化投资管理和金融风险管理等等。
In general terms, financial engineering places greater emphasis on the application of engineering tools such as mathematical models, computer technology and other tools to solve problems in the area of finance than financial science; financial engineering can train financial engineers (analysts) to develop pricing models for financial products in government agencies, commercial banks, securities companies, investment funds, consulting firms, etc.
金融学专业主要培养具有金融理论基础知识和掌握金融业务技术，能够运用经济学一般方法分析金融保险活动、处理金融业务，有一定综合判断和创新能力，能够在中央银行、商业银行、政策性银行、证券公司、人寿保险公司、财产保险公司、再保险公司、信托投资公司、金融租赁公司、金融资产公司、集团财务公司、投资基金公司及金融教育部门工作的高级专门人才。
The financial science profession, which is primarily based on financial theory and mastery of financial business, is able to analyse financial insurance activities and deal with financial operations using general methods of economics. It has a certain combination of judgement and innovation, and is capable of working with high-level specialists in central banks, commercial banks, policy banks, securities companies, life insurance companies, property insurance companies, reinsurance companies, trust investment companies, financial leasing companies, financial asset companies, group finance companies, investment fund companies and the financial education sector.
金融工程专业学什么？
金融工程研究经济学、金融学、金融工程和金融管理等方面的基本知识，接受理财、投融资、风险管理等方面的技能训练，主要运用计算机建立数学模型，从而解决金融相关的问题。例如：基金、证券、保险等金融衍生品的设计开发，投资理财产品的风险控制和管理，保险事故损失额分布规律的精算等。
The basics of financial engineering research in economics, finance science, financial engineering and financial management are trained in skills in financial management, investment finance, risk management, etc., and computer-based mathematical modelling is used to solve financial-related problems. For example, the design and development of financial derivatives such as funds, securities, insurance, risk control and management of investments in property, actuarial valuation of the pattern of loss in insurance accidents, etc.
本专业学生应掌握经济学、金融学、经济数学、计算机的基本理论和基础知识，掌握微观金融业务原理与操作实务，
Students should have basic theoretical and basic knowledge of economics, finance, economic mathematics, computers, and the philosophy and operational practices of micro-finance.
具有从事银行、证券、保险、投资、风险管理等相关业务的基本技能；
Basic skills in banking, securities, insurance, investment, risk management, etc.;
具有较扎实的数理分析基础，熟练掌握现代信息化分析工具的应用；
A solid base of mathematical analysis and proficiency in the application of modern information-based analytical tools;
熟悉有关法规、政策和国际金融业的通行规则，了解本学科的发展动态；
(b) To familiarize themselves with the relevant regulations, policies and the rules prevailing in the international financial sector and with developments in the discipline;
熟练掌握一门外语，具有较强外语应用能力，能利用外语获取专业信息；
(b) Proficiency in a foreign language and ability to use it to obtain professional information;
能熟练使用计算机从事业务工作。
Skilled in the use of computers for business work.
专业核心课程：
多数院校金融工程专业课程大致包括经济、数学、计算机、金融四大块。但各招生院校培养方向各异，设置的课程也会有所不同。
Most institutions have four major financial engineering courses: economics, mathematics, computers, and finance.
主要课程:经济学模块;金融学模块;计算机模块;数学与统计模块等四大模块。开设课程有:政治经济学、微观经济学、宏观经济学、计量经济学、货币银行学、金融经济学，金融市场学，证券投资学，衍生金融工具，固定收益证券，公司金融，金融工程学，金融会计、随机过程，时间序列分析，金融统计与分析应用，商业银行经营与管理，保险与精算，博弈论与信息经济学，金融风险管理，投资银行学，国际金融，国际投资，金融法等。
The main courses are: Economics modules; Financial Sciences modules; Computers modules; Mathematics and Statistics modules; four main modules: Political Economics, Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Metrology, Monetary Banking, Financial Economics, Financial Markets, Securities Investment, Derivative Financial Instruments, Fixed Gains Securities, Corporate Finance, Financial Engineering, Financial Accounting, Random Processes, Time Series Analysis, Financial Statistics and Analysis Applications, Commercial Bank Operations and Management, Insurance and Actuarials, Game and Information Economics, Financial Risk Management, Investment Banking, International Finance, International Investment, Financial Law, etc.
02 就业
02 Employment
收入位居前列
金融是国民经济的核心，在服务实体经济、促进经济高质量增长的过程中发挥着关键作用。近年来，随着经济发展，国民财富增加，理财需求强烈，加上金融行业薪资的吸引力，金融类专业一直是广大考生的热门选择。
Finance is at the heart of the national economy, playing a key role in serving the real economy and promoting high-quality economic growth. In recent years, the financial profession has been a popular choice for a wide range of candidates, as economic development has led to an increase in national wealth, a strong demand for fiscal management, and the attraction of wages in the financial sector.
金融工程专业作为金融大类专业中的一个，也吸引了不少立志投身金融业的学子。在当前“互联网+”、大数据时代背景下，资本驱动的金融行业与应用驱动的计算技术应运而合，互联网金融的创新与发展更离不开计算机技术的进步。未来的金融学、金融工程领域的高层次人才必定是同时具有扎实计算机技术基础、金融学基础的复合型人才。2021年金融工程、金融科技与量化金融人才培养研讨会上，北京市金融局副局长李妍指出，“金融科技”型人才的培养要面向实践，面向监管，面向国际。李妍副局长指出，当前行业内对在金融体系中能够从事基础设施建设的复合型人才的需求非常大，建议学生应该更注重实践能力的发展。
In the context of the current “Internet+” and big data age, the capital-driven financial sector combines the application-driven computing techniques, and innovation and development of Internet finance are more closely linked to advances in computer technology. Future high-level talent in financial science, finance engineering, must be a combination of solid computer technology and financial science.
金融行业的收入是个什么水平？据2021年5月19日国家统计局发布的2020年平均工资数据显示，城镇非私营单位中，年平均工资最高的3个行业分别是信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业177544元，科学研究和技术服务业139851元，金融业133390元；城镇私营单位中，年平均工资最高的3个行业分别为信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业101281元，金融业82930元，科学研究和技术服务业72233元。由此可见，金融业的收入在众多行业中是很有竞争力的。
What is the level of income in the financial sector? According to the data on average wages for 2020 published by the National Statistical Office on 19 May 2021, the three sectors with the highest annual average wages in urban and non-private establishments are information transmission, software and information technology services, $177544, scientific research and technology services, $139851 and finance, 133390; and the three sectors with the highest annual average wages in urban and private enterprises, namely, information transmission, software and information technology services, $101281, finance, $82930, and scientific research and technology services, $72233 respectively.
以金融行业为主、去向多元化
金融工程专业就业前景还不错，该专业的学生在市场上很受欢迎，基本不怕找不到工作并且媒体公布的未来“十大高薪职位”中，金融工程师也以其较高的社会地位和收入上榜。金融工程专业就业方向: 商业银行、投资银行、保险公司、证券公司、投资公司、基金公司等金融机构。例如会计师事务所的衍生资产估值部门，证券公司的金融工程部，商业银行的资产管理部、风险管理部，投资基金公司的量化投资部等等。
The prospects for employment in the financial engineering profession are good, and students in the profession are very popular in the market, largely afraid of not finding a job, and the financial engineers also rank high on the top of their social status and income in the “Ten high-paying jobs” announced by the media. The employment orientation of the financial engineering profession is: commercial banks, investment banks, insurance companies, securities companies, investment companies, fund companies, etc. Financial institutions such as the derivative asset valuation department of the accounting firm, the financial engineering department of the securities firm, the asset management department of the commercial banks, the risk management department, the quantitative investment department of the investment fund company, etc.
此外，根据中国人民大学、北京科技大学等院校公布的数据显示，金融工程毕业生除了进入金融行业外，部分毕业生通过公务员考试，就业于中国人民银行、银保监会、证监会、税务局、社保机构等国家机关及事业单位；也有部分毕业生赴美国、英国、欧洲等国家著名高校继续深造。
In addition, according to data published by institutions such as the People's University of China and the Beijing University of Science and Technology, in addition to entering the financial sector, some graduates have passed civil service examinations and are employed in State agencies and institutions such as the People's Bank of China, the Silver Insurance Supervisory Board, the Certification Supervisory Board, the Tax Administration and the Social Security Agency; some have gone to high schools in the United States, the United Kingdom and Europe, among others, to continue their studies.
部分院校的毕业生也分享了自己求职时的经验。：个人兴趣对于职业选择很重要，找到个人兴趣点之后要进行不断地尝试，因为金工就业面很广，多接触一些实习岗位更容易找适合自己的职业。在实习中，要对自己的职业素养和工作能力进行合理的判断，不能盲目自信，要有目的性的寻找实习岗位，估计自身条件对职位的合适程度。根据金融工程行业的技能需求，鼓励大家提升自己对数学、计算机、金融、沟通和法律合规知识的了解。建议大家增强对建模能力的培养以及查阅文献和论文研读的能力，最好能够在工作中将自己学过的知识“变式”，运用到实际中去。
Some students also share their experience in finding jobs.: Personal interest is important for career choices, and attempts are made to find personal interest points, because gold workers have a wide range of jobs, and it is easier to find jobs suitable for them. In internships, it is necessary to make reasonable judgements about their professional qualifications and working abilities, not to be blind and confident, to find a job with purpose, and to estimate the suitability of their conditions for the job.
从业方向与薪酬
银行会计/柜员、公司业务、公务员(中央国家机关)、公务员(省级机关)、公务员(地市级机关)、银行客户代表、个人业务、证券分析/金融研究、事业单位人员、会计/会计师、公务员(区县级及以下机关)
Bank accountants/sellers, company operations, civil servants (central State bodies), civil servants (provincial authorities), civil servants (local and municipal authorities), representatives of bank customers, personal operations, securities analysis/financial research, personnel of establishments, accountants/accountants, civil servants (district and sub-district authorities)
03 考研
03 to study
考研选择方向
除直接就业外，不少毕业生选择继续深造。报考研究生较集中的专业有：应用经济学、金融学、产业经济学、金融等。返回搜狐，查看更多
In addition to direct employment, a number of graduates choose to continue their studies. The higher concentration of graduate students is found in applied economics, finance, industrial economics, finance, etc.. 责任编辑：
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