目录
区块链技术现在已经进入一个高速发展时期，作为企业来说一般有两个选择：做底层链技术，或者做区块链应用。
Block chain technology has now entered a high-speed development period xff0c; there are generally two options for enterprises xff1a; bottom chain technology xff0c; or block chain application.
对绝大多数企业或个人来说，无论是技术还是资金都无法负担底层链开发工作，开发区块链应用的成本和门槛要低很多。
For the vast majority of enterprises or individuals, xff0c; neither technology nor finance can afford bottom-chain development xff0c; and the costs and thresholds of developing block chain applications are much lower.
在掌握的区块链原理和发展情况后，作为技术人员，也要关注区块链技术的选型，比如我们要做一款应用时应作出什么样的选择。
xff0c; as a technician xff0c; also focus on the selection of block chain technology xff0c; for example, what options we should make for an application.
区块链应用也叫去中心化分布式应用?Decentralized Application，简称 DAPP。
Block chain application is also called decentralised distribution application? Decentralized Application， short DAPP.
（1）纯粹的 DAPP架构
& #xff08; 1xff09; pure DAPP architecture
纯粹的 DApp 是不受公司运营与否的限制，不依赖于某个独立的服务器，即使公司关闭依然可以运行。它的架构很简单，只需要前端加一条链就可以了。
Pure Dapp is not subject to the company's operation or otherwise xff0c; it is not dependent on an independent server xff0c; it can still run even if the company closes down. Its structure is simple xff0c; it just needs a chain at the front end.
(2) 混合 DAPP 架构
(2) Mixed DAPP architecture
现阶段因为区块链的存储消耗太大，不可能将所有数据都存储在区块链中，因此大多数是去中心化与中心化相结合的一种架构。
At this stage, it is not possible to store all the data in the block chain because of the high consumption of xff0c; most are therefore a structure that combines decentralization with centralization.
（3） 开发需要的角色
& #xff08; 3） Development of required roles
从技术角度分析， DAPP 开发需要不同开发者角色，主要有以下几种：
Analysis from a technical point of view of xff0c; DAPP development requires different developers roles xff0c; there are mainly the following xff1a;
- 前端工程师：需要掌握区块链原理及相关 SDK
- 后端工程师：需要掌握区块链原理及相关 SDK
- 智能合约工程师：主要设计智能合约，开发智能合约
- 产品经理：需要掌握区块链原理及区块链应用设计思想与通证设计思想
区块链发展导向在主要分为两大方向：公链和联盟链。比特币，以太坊，EOS这些都属于公链， Hyperledger Fabric，Quorum ，各Baas 平台这些都属于联盟链。
The development of the block chain is directed in two main directions: xff1a; public and union chains. Bitcoin， Etheria， EOS, all of which belong to the public chain， Hyperledger Fabric， Quorum & #xff0c; and each of the Baas platforms, all of which belong to the union chain.
公链需要对矿工节点进行激励，一般都会设有 coin，类似 BTC， ETH 这种，联盟链则是一个团体组织建立的私有网络，不需要在区块链系统上体现激励。
The public chain requires incentives for miners'nodes xff0c; there are generally coin， similar BTC， ETH, xff0c; the coalition chain, a private network of a group xff0c; and there is no need to reflect incentives on block chain systems.
公链的节点多，不限制节点加入，而联盟链的节点比较少，会有明确的准入机制。
对于开发者来说，选哪个平台结合自身技术特点。由于 DAPP 需要智能合约及 SDK 调用，所以主要是看智能合约如何开发。?
There are more nodes in the public chain & #xff0c; there are no limits on nodes & #xff0c; there are fewer nodes in the chain & #xff0c; there are clear access mechanisms.
For developers & #xff0c; choose which platform to combine with their own technical characteristics. Because DAP requires smart contracts and SDK calls & #xff0c; so it is mainly about how smart contracts are developed.
以太坊第一个提出了智能合约的概念，并推出 solidity 语言，因此 solidity 也是目前大多数平台的开发语言。
Ether was the first to introduce the concept of smart contracts & #xff0c; and to introduce the language of soliity & #xff0c; so so so so so so much is the current development language for most platforms.
对于大多数开发者而言，选择 solidity 都比较合适，熟悉一个平台 SDK 后，相似的其他平台也可以快速上手。
xff0c for most developers; selection of soliity is more appropriate xff0c; familiarization with a platform after SDK xff0c; other similar platforms can be launched quickly.
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