《狼辛》中货币可谓是种类繁多。虽然动画里没怎么解释，不过按照支仓冻砂的风格，货币设定得也可谓颇为严谨了，至少再现了那个架空的中世纪的情境——小国林立，关口横竖。百度“狼与香辛料吧 货币”，就可以看到狼学家对《狼辛》货币面观的总结，非常细心负责。
There are so many kinds of money in The Wolverine. Although there is little to explain in the animation, the money is set in a rather strict way, in the style of a silo of frozen sand, and at least the empty medieval situation — the small country stands at its feet, with its closed doors. A hundred degrees of "wolves and spices" – can be seen in the summation of werewolves and were very responsible for the monetary landscape of the Wolves.
然而，我们今天打算以一种“穿越”、“超然”的眼光来看货币这个东西。一方面，这样肯定会涉及到其他一些动画作品。而这些作品通常世界观也是挺奇特，值得一看。（也算有点另类的补番推荐了）另一方面，把“货币”讲透，确实挺“抽象”，这对大家的“抽象能力”是一种考验。这样，今天这期肯定说不完。满打满算，up打算用3期文章来讲讲“货币”这个东西，今天是第一期。第二期是对【萌狼经济学】进行总结，会说到货币。第三期会在【恶向箔】第一期说到。不过希望大家能抛弃高中政治的“货币”，毕竟那东西自己讲“哲学”，结果自己最会扣帽子。
Today, however, we intend to look at money in a “circumsive” way. On the one hand, this would certainly involve other animated works, which are usually peculiar and worth looking at. On the other hand, it is “abstract” that ‘currency’ is described by ‘span crisss= ‘collor-yellow-04’,” whose abstract ability ‘/span’ is a test
在《狼辛》动画第一季第3集，罗伦斯对着赫萝手里的银币说到“信用度”。这就说明了一个等式：货币=信用度。但是，这个答案还是“很虚”——信用信用，我凭什么相信你？也就是说，货币，无论是真金白银、贝壳铜片、图案纸张，还是屏幕数字，这些东西本身：
In the first episode of the wolf's animation, in the third episode of the first season, Lawrence said, "Credibleness" to the silver coin in Hero's hand. This suggests an equation: Currency = Creditity. But the answer is still "Very ill" — credit. How can I trust you? That is, money, whether it's real silver, shell, copper paper, or screen numbers.
1，应该包含一个东西让人信服。
One, it should contain something convincing.
2，或者说，货币本身就是一种“根源”的体现，就好像“直死魔眼”是“根源之祸”的体现，巴黎圣母院是“上帝信仰”的体现。这个“根源”与其说让人信服，不如说是世间真理，毋庸置疑。
In other words, the currency itself is a manifestation of a “cause,” as if the word “immediately dead” was an expression of “the evil of the roots” and the Notre Dame de Paris was an expression of “the faith of God.” This “source” is not so convincing, but rather the truth of the world.
3，这个东西仅仅让人信服，或是什么“根源”没用，而要能够起作用。不然就是“酒肉穿肠过，佛祖心中留”。那它怎样永远起作用？重在“永远”，因为一般的东西，比如苹果，我不信你一连吃完10斤后还会说你还想吃苹果。不过你应该不会拒绝白拿10斤100元一打打的RMB吧。多多益善。
Three, this thing is merely convincing, or what's the root of it, and it doesn't work. Otherwise, it's "drink through the gut, and the Buddha keeps it in his heart." How does it work forever? Because it's "always." Because ordinary things, like apples, I don't believe you want to eat apples once you've even eaten them. But you wouldn't refuse to take a dozen RMBs for nothing. More is good.
也就是：为何相信，何为“根源”，怎么起作用。这三层分别对应：1，“没有钱万万不能”，钱为何有用；2，有人的地方就会有钱，无关主义，奴隶封建共产都一样；3，钱怎么有用（注意“怎么有用”和“为何有用”，一个是how，一个是why）。这一层层筛选下来，才成了“货币”。
In other words, why do you believe that what is “the root cause” and how does it work? These three levels correspond to: (a) “No money can't be done”, why money works; (b) where there are people who have money, irrelevantism, and slave feudal communion all the same; and (c) how money works (noting how useful” and “why useful”, one is how, and one is why). This becomes “currency” when one layer is screened down / span .
今天这期谈第一个问题。（感觉这导言二的抽象推演应该会吓走不少人）
Today's issue is the first.
1，《狼辛》里的货币背后的效力
One, the effect behind the money in Wolf's Hin.
2，不同世界观动画中，货币背后的效力
2 The effect of the currency behind the animated images of different worlds
3，涉及现实中货币背后的效力、
3 on the effect behind the real currency,
4，比特币的背后
Four, on the back of Bitcoin.
5，总结：货币为何有用？
5. Summing up: Why does money work?
在《狼辛》第一季第三集15分35秒的地方，罗伦斯一语道破“货币”的效力。
In the third Episode 15 minutes and 35 seconds of the first Quarter of Wolf Xin, Lawrence deduced the effect of the word “currency”.
“货币”的效力就是“信用”。然而，这个答案还是“很虚”——我凭什么相信你？这就涉及到一个金钱的“效力”问题。
The effect of “currency” is “credit”. However, the answer is “very false” — why should I trust you? This is a question of the “effectiveness” of money.
而“效力”，我们这里可以理解成“很值钱”的东西。在《狼辛》中，最值钱应该就是香料了。
And "effectiveness," and here we can understand what's "valued." In Wolverine, the most valuable is the spice.
从需求这一方面看。最根本的应该是“区别”。以下是知乎问题“西方用真金白银换的香辛料到底是什么？为什么西方对香辛料的需求这么大？”中“Uriel”的回答，这里引用一下。（这位答主答案本身也引用一些书籍资料，有兴趣的话可以去某乎上搜搜）
In terms of demand, the bottom line should be the difference. Here's the question: What's the spice that the West uses for real silver? Why is the West so much in demand for spice , and quote it here. (This answer itself quotes some books that can be searched if you are interested.)
……中世纪的人们需要香料……掩盖盐的咸味，并且用于缓解饮食的单调……由于中世纪错误的医学理论，人们认为香料除了满足人的欲望，还有治疗、缓解的作用。例如，猪肉被认为是凉湿的，易于产生黏体液，因而适合用香料，而牛肉则是干而寒的，适合于加辛辣调料……香料可以满足一种炫耀，一种显赫消费的需要……
People in the Middle Ages need spices to cover the salt's salt and to ease the diet's //span'
这样总结来看。香料和“口味”“医疗”“贵族身份”等等息息相关。而这三个词，背后的意思就是“区别”。也就是能和穷人的一切表现区别开来。
"font-size-15"
/span> /span >
然而，最终要的是贵族为这个“区别”能付多大代价。废话，代价肯定很大。毕竟“地理隔绝”啊。不过这阻挡不了人类的欲望，大航海时代为此而生。
But ultimately, what a nobleman can pay for this distinction. Bullshit, the cost is huge. After all, “geographical isolation”. But it doesn't stop human desire, and the great sea age is born for it.
从哥伦布开始。这种欲望、区别与炫耀就推动着社会的发展。所有的一切都是为了打通这“地理隔绝”而生。
Started with Columbus. This desire, distinction, and flaunts drive society. Everything was born to break through the “geographic isolation” .
当然随着生产力的发展、航线的开辟和普及。胡椒也成了“贵族、财富的象征”变成了高价的必需品，就好像现在的iphone一样。
And, of course, with the growth of the strong's productivity , the opening and spread of routes. Peppers have become a “nobility, a symbol of wealth” and become a high-priced necessity, like the current iphone.
……到了15世纪，一个熟练手艺人一天的工资可以买半磅胡椒。……胡椒是中世纪香料中唯一从一种奢侈品变成高价必需品的东西。贵族们渐渐对胡椒失去了兴趣。
... By the 15th century, a skilled craftsman could buy half a pound of pepper a day. Pepper is the only thing in medieval spices that turns from a luxury to a high price of essentials. The nobles are losing interest in pepper.
说完了“香料”。其次，在《狼辛》中，能体现货币背后效力的应该就是“盐”吧。
That's it. And second, in Wolverine, it's the salt that's behind the money.
就说一个例子。盐的英语salt，工资的英语salary，这俩有点既视感是吧。因为罗马帝国时代给士兵发工资，一开始用“盐”。之后就是“盐钞”salarium，也就是拿着这个纸条到盐池，人家会给你盐。这样就派生出salary这个词。在中国也是一样，我们今天的“钞票”，这个叫法就是明朝的“盐钞制度”。
Just one example. Salt salt, wage salary, is a bit of a sense. Because soldiers were paid in the Roman Empire, they started with “salt.” Then “salary” salarium, that is to say, taking this note to the salt pool, would give you salt. That would give you the word salary. In China, as is the case with today's “banknotes”, which is called the “salary system” of the dynasty.
盐对人来讲重要程度不言而喻，而出汗最容易脱盐。然而人的汗腺在“动物”里边是最发达的。当然我们今天有机会可以不出汗就能赚钱。但在以前，全都是农业手工业，你想不出汗不可能。“盐”基本上可以看成是古代的“石油”了，毕竟以前都是人力时代。
Salt is self-evident to people, and sweat is the easiest to desalinate. But the sweaty glands are the most developed in the “animals.” Of course, we have the opportunity today to make money without sweating.
而盐在古代也十分能衡量一个家族或一个组织的力量。首先，盐有多少，基本上就能断定能潜在供养多少生产人员。同时，在古代，“饮食”是一个能够形成“圈层区别”、贵族象征的文化。毕竟“果擘洞庭橘，脍切天池鳞”。而“盐”作为“口味”的根本，那肯定是在各类美味佳肴、饮食文化装逼的第一线。同时筵席丰盛，说明了背后这个家族或组织能够供养庞大的后厨。你连后厨的生产人员都能供养，更不要说基本的手工业、农业了。
At the same time, in ancient times, “food” is a culture that can form a “circle distinction” and a symbol of nobility. After all, “span class="font-size-13”, a cave orange, cutting the sky
“盐”的力量相比较香料而言可以说更为普遍。因为“香料”的背后是对“航海、贸易”的生产技术支持，而“盐”背后就是人力。在工业革命之前，“人力”比“航海”可是更有代表性。毕竟生产一定“盐”所需的人力没怎么变。但是获得香料的效率却可以随着航海的开拓和普及而进步，这样至少在很长一段时间，“盐”的购买力比“香料”更稳定。
The power of “saline” can be said to be more widespread than that of spices. Because “samples” are behind production technology for “navigation, trade” and “saline” for humans. Before the industrial revolution, “humans” were more representative than “navigates.” After all, the manpower needed to produce a certain “saline” has not changed much.
说完了“盐”。我们接下来说一下货币最直接的效力来源。也就是金银。金银的生产，可以说在工业革命，乃至在第二次工业革命中化学革命之前，都是一个非常废人力的过程，而且，这个废力的程度没怎么变化。看以前，都是用水银来吸金，然后蒸发水银留下金银。几世几年，这个生产、开采冶炼效率都没怎么进步。
We're done with salt. We're going to say the most direct source of the currency's effectiveness. Gold and silver. Gold and silver production, before the industrial revolution, or even the chemical revolution in the second industrial revolution, was a very, very strong , and the level of this power has not changed.
《狼辛》中能够广泛用于贸易，拥有货币效力的东西，主要就是“香料”、“盐”、“金银”。然而在各类动画作品中，这种类似的东西却也不少，还挺典型。
The things in Wolf Sing that can be widely used in trade , with the currency
首先和“盐”一样。铁在古代那也是核心的存在。铁直接和农具、手工艺、兵器相关。而农业、手工业、军队在古代基本上就是生产力相关的全部了。（军队用来保障生产）而中国古代更是用“铁”来做钱币。当然这在《幽灵公主》里就有体现。在这部动画中，铁就是用来做火门枪的。
Iron is also central in ancient China. Iron is directly related to agricultural tools, handicrafts, weapons of war. And agriculture, handicrafts, and the army are basically all associated with
而更奇妙一点的。在《最终流放》中。这个世界观中有一种叫“克罗地亚”的东西。这是一种反重力物质。（听说变成流体循环会产生类似洛伦茨力的反重力）在这个世界中，所有交通工具都要克罗地亚。更不要说什么战舰战船。可以说这种东西换在我们这边就是石油或者煤这种东西。基本上就是工业的血液了吧。
And it's even more amazing. In Final Exile, there's something called Croatia in the world view. It's an antigravity material. In this world, all means of transport are Croatian. Not to mention warships. It's oil or coal for us. It's basically the blood of the `strong' industry
这种反重力物质还真的被当做货币
This anti-gravity material is really being used as a currency.
在一部神棍动画《香格里拉》，还摆弄其碳排放税，乃至碳税证券化的概念。
In an animation of a stick, Shangri-La, it also plays with its carbon emissions tax and even the concept of securitization of the carbon tax.
这个资本家萝莉拥有一个叫“medusa”的世界顶级超级计算机。它能做碳税高频交易、套期交易。然后萝莉提议，这个发展中国家应该和他们签一个合约。萝莉通过金融手段把他们国家的碳税降低。不过要他们国家50年的收入（GDP）作为抵押。不然的话，就现在这个国家生产竞争力，承受这样的碳税，那不如直接自给自足算了。
This capitalist, Lori, owns the world's top supercomputer called Medusa. It makes carbon tax high-frequency transactions, hedging. Then Lori proposes that this developing country should sign a contract with them. Lori reduces the country's carbon tax through financial means.
当然，这个东西也就说说而已。现在来看，“超级计算机”这个东西还是某天朝厉害。
Of course, that's just the thing. Now, the "supercomputer" thing is still pretty good.
我们把眼光方向战后地区。特别是二战后的美国占领区，西德也好，日本也好。美国烟常常被当做临时货币。这一幕在《少年犯之七人》里有体现。
We look at the post-war areas. Especially the post-World War II US occupation, West Germany, and Japan. American smoke is often used as a temporary currency. This is reflected in The Seven Juvenile Offenders.
要解释的话，其实非常简单。美国烟代表了驻地美军的强大以及背后美帝的消费能力和生产力。
It's very simple to explain. American smoke represents the strength of the United States troops in the country and the consumption and productivity of the American Emperor behind it .
我不知道大家看下来了以后，应该注意到一些我加粗的一些词语。这些词语都指向一个东西：生产力。无论是人力也好，航海技术也好，还是什么工业血液也好，都是为生产服务的。
I don't know what you're looking at, but there's a few words I'm going to add. These words point to one thing: productivity. It's either human or navigational or industrial blood for production.
然而，现实当中可不只是这样。毕竟就连《狼辛》里也说。
However, it's not just that in reality. After all, even in Wolf Sin.
“货币的面值本来就比金银的价值高得多。”
"The nominal value of the currency is inherently much higher than the value of gold and silver."
为何会这样？就金银货币来讲。很大程度上，有一个“委托”的意思。也就是说，铸造金银币，需要开采冶炼金银矿。这开采冶炼需要极大的人力物力牺牲，是一个国家生产力的体现。然而，毕竟这个国家“现在”（是逻辑意义上的现在，而不是特指2017年当代）的生产力没有全部都搞到金银的冶炼开采上。不过金银业是一种代表。假如你这个国家金银业发达，那么人们相信你的其他产业也挺发达，所谓“仓禀实而知礼节”。毕竟只有吃好喝好后才有心思搞金银业吧。国家的整体的生产力就这样“委托”给了金银币。金银币的价值=开采冶炼金银的生产力+这个国家其他方面的生产力。
But, after all, not all of the productivity of the country “now” (logically now, not specifically in 2017) has been brought to the refining of the gold and silver. But the gold and silver industry is a representative. If your country’s gold and silver industry is well developed, then you are believed to be well developed in other industries, so-called “breaths and manners.” After all, only when you eat well and drink well will you think about the gold and silver industry. This is how the country’s overall productivity is “delegated” to the gold and silver currency. The value of gold and silver mining – the productivity of silver and the rest of the country’s productivity.
这个就是现实中或狼辛中“金银货币”的价值。
This is the value of the “gold currency” in reality or in wolf money.
换到了现代储蓄银行。“纸币……”我去，纸币你怎么算啊。甚至说什么“屏幕数字”，难道说还涉及到什么“液晶电视产业”。
And to a modern savings bank. I go, I go, what do you do with it? Or even say, "screen numbers," what does it even mean, "Liquis TV industry"?
肯定不是。这个要从现在我们去银行借钱的场景来看。我们现在去贷款。银行一般会给我们的抵押物评估。一旦“评估”，就不是“现在”了，而是“未来”，未来这个抵押的提供的收入。也就是说我们得到一笔新钱、新借款。这个借款背后是我们未来的收入或未来的生产力。那把范围扩大到国家。现在国家的各个纸币、屏幕数字等等，其实是：这个国家未来的收入和生产力。这就是创新！这是人类将标准从“现在”推向“未来”的剧变！
This is not the case. We're going to borrow money now. We're going to borrow now. Banks usually give us a mortgage assessment. Once they “assess”, it's not “now”, it's “future”, it's income from the future mortgage. That is to say, we get a new amount of money, a new loan. This loan is behind our future income or future productivity. It extends to the country. Now, the country's banknotes, screen numbers, and so on, are: the future income and productivity of the country. That is innovation. This is the radical shift in humans' standards from “now” to “future.”
当然，毕竟是“剧变”。这坏结果也是显而易见——哪里有储蓄银行，哪里就有经济危机。这个问题会在【《C 钱 未来式》解析】具体讲到。大家现在只需要知道：这是历史性的剧变，人们用“未来”来支持“现在”，而不是像以前的金银币时用“现在”支持“现在”。
Of course, after all, it's a “surgent change.” The bad result is also obvious — where there are savings banks, where there is an economic crisis. The question will come up in concrete terms. All you need to know now is that this is a historical upheaval, and people use the “future” to support “now”, not “now”, as in the old gold coins.
这个重置版中，我特地加入了“比特币”一节。虽然玩不起，但至少得知道这个诞生了多少亿万富豪的东西是个啥玩意吧。具体的设定，大家可以参考这个链接：
In this replacement, I specifically joined the "bitcoin" section. I can't afford it, but at least I need to know what this billionaire thing is. Specifically, you can refer to this link:
http://blog.csdn.net/hk_5788/article/details/54024979
或者这篇回答：
Or this answer:
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20941124/answer/20066614。
这两篇是非常好的比特币原理的讲解贴。
These two are very good bitcoins.
我自己下面讲的话会省略比特币的技术（其实我也懂不了多少），只讲最通俗、最根本的原理。
What I'm going to say next is that I'm going to leave out the technology of bitcoin, which I don't know much about, but the most popular and fundamental of all.
1，首先比特币系统有一个账本。这个账本就像大家银行卡（储蓄卡）账本一样。
First of all, the bitcoin system has an account book. This book is like a bank card.
2，这个账本是所有人对所有人的公开的，而且人手一份，也就是所有人都互相知道所有人某一时刻的账本。
2 This account book is publicly available to all, and a copy is available to all, i.e., all persons know each other at a certain point in time.
3，但是这个账本不记录任何人的余额，它只记录“支付”的数据，比如，你前天收到1个比特币，今天你花出2个比特币，后天你收到2个比特币。当然将所有的历史支付数据汇聚起来，你的账本余额也就清楚了。
But this book doesn't record anyone's balance. It only records the “payment” data. For example, you get one bitcoin the day before, you spend two bitcoins today, and you get two bitcoins the day after.
4，为什么不记录余额？这就是系统创始人中本聪的厉害。因为他要制造“麻烦”。比如某一时刻你要给小明1个比特币。你在通知小明后，一定要同时通知“矿工”。矿工就是记账员。
Four, why don't you record the balance? That's the smartness of the founder of the system. Because he's going to create a problem. For example, you're going to give Ming a bitcoin at some point. You have to notify Ming at the same time. The miners are the bookkeepers.
5，首先矿工要从你和小明的以前“流水账”中算出你们俩的余额，然后开始记录这次1比特币的交易。然而从“以前”到现在这笔交易，这个生成过程故意给“中本聪”搞麻烦。中本聪让大家使劲开显卡搞账本。
5 First, the miners will calculate the balance between you and Ming's old “flow account” and then start recording this one bitcoin deal. However, from “formerly” to “now” the process of generation is deliberately causing trouble for the Mid-Hear.
6，谁先搞出来这个账本，那么比特币系统就会奖励这个“记账员”比特币，是谓“挖矿”。
6 The Bitcoin system rewards this “bookkeeper” bitcoin, which is called “mining mining”.
7，新账本诞生，矿工将新账本广播到系统中，让它变得完全的公开，所有人对所有人的公开。之后大家便期待下一单支付。
Seven, a new account book was born, and the miners broadcast the new account to the system, making it completely public, all of them open to everyone. Then everyone expects the next payment.
这个“麻烦”需要计算机的硬件暴力破解。也就是说中本聪的意思是：靠全世界玩家的硬件来保证比特币的交易准确性，这样再匹配上比特币的“信息完全透明”。至少这个体系可以玩的通。
This "problem" requires a computer's hardware violence to crack. In other words, it means that
而比特币的效力在哪？——全世界玩家的硬件，这个准确性就是它的效力。
And what is the effect of Bitcoin? — the hardware of the world's players, the accuracy of this
不过，现在新账本奖励越来越少（比特币总额是2100万），矿工开始向支付双方收“交易费”了。结果交易费常常比支付额大得多。——你买比特币，主要就是给矿工“交易费”。交易费背后是各类计算硬件，什么电路、显卡费用；再背后，就是“牙膏厂”intel和“核弹厂”英伟达了。
Now, however, the new book of accounts has become less rewarding (21 million bitcoins), and miners have begun to charge “trading fees” to both parties. As a result, transaction costs are often much higher than payments.
知乎上很多人贬斥比特币、什么“毫无价值”，“旁氏骗局”。我倒不觉得，我个人感觉。除非比特币的总值比“核弹厂”英伟达的市值还大，不然无大碍。你超过核弹厂的市值再喊“药丸”还差不多。为什么？因为“核弹厂”是比特币效力之源啊。
Known as a lot of people demeaning bitcoin, what's “no value” and what's “Ponzi's trick.” I don't think that I feel personally. Unless Bitcoin's worth is bigger than the market value of the nuclear bomb plant's Great Weida, it's no big deal.
不过这样看来，比特币与其说是货币，不如说是装着古董的保险柜吧。
However, it appears that Bitcoin is more of an antique safe than a currency.
货币因为背后所代表的生产力而有效。这个生产力无论是来自现在还是未来，它都足够“普遍”和“宏大”。《狼辛》中金银币背后是长久不变的、极端耗费人力的金银业开采。香料的背后是航海的开拓和普及。而盐铁直接和人的生存、最基本的人力生产相关。还有各种各样的化石能源。这些都足够普遍而宏大。
然而，这个“普遍”、“宏大”如何理解？我们可以说：在所有的交易的东西中，货币是最不会“边际效益递减”的东西。什么意思？也就是所有东西中，金钱最有资格多多益善。 However, how does this "universal" and "big" understand? We can say that money is the least likely to be “marginalized” of all transactions. What does that mean? Of all things, money is best qualified for more than good . 一般的商品，比如苹果。你苹果越来越多，每一斤苹果给你好处肯定越来越小。等装不下的时候，你吃不完，卖不掉，那多出来的苹果估计就被你当垃圾扔了——扔垃圾还要处理费啊！ Common goods, like apples. You've got more apples, you've got less apples per pound. You can't eat them, you can't sell them when you can't put them on. You probably throw more apples in the trash. 即便你卖iphoneX，当iphoneX有了一定普及之后，你作为一个二手卖家，手里的货越多，那肯定卖得越便宜。 Even if you sell iphoneX, when iphoneX becomes popular, the more you have as a second-hand seller, the cheaper it's gonna be. 而对于货币，普通人10000块里的一张100有它的最好的去处，“小目标”一个亿里边的一张100有它的最好去处。从来没说钱越多，每一张100的用处越小的说法。除非通货膨胀，钱的效力几乎不会减少，甚至还有什么“负效力”。 And for money, one 100 of 10,000 dollars for ordinary people has its best place to go, and one 100 of a billion miles for “small targets” has its best place to go. The more money there is, the less useful it is. Unless inflation, the more money, the less effective it is, the more negative it is.
注册有任何问题请添加 微信：MVIP619 拉你进入群
打开微信扫一扫
添加客服
进入交流群
发表评论