原标题：手里还有比特币?各平台关闭交易满月后停止提现
各比特币交易平台停止交易一个月后，30日比特币中国关闭提现人民币业务。OkCoin、BTCTRADE、火币网等也在31日停止这一业务。至此，以比特币等为代表的虚拟货币正式告别中国市场。
One month after each Bitcoin trading platform stopped trading, on 30 days Bitcoin shut down China’s currency withdrawal business. OkCoin, BTCTRADE, and the Democratic Currency Network, among others, stopped doing so on 31 January.
ICO爆火，大妈们纷纷入场
The ICO blew up, and the ladies came in.
ICO为Initial Coin Offering的缩写，意为首次代币发行，源自股票市场的首次公开发行(IPO)的概念。关于ICO，目前并没有官方的定义，通常来讲是一种募集比特币或其他虚拟货币的行为。
The ICO is an acronym for Initial Coin Offering, meaning the concept of the first generation of tokens, derived from the concept of the first public release (IPO) in the stock market. With regard to ICO, there is currently no official definition, usually a collection of bitcoin or other virtual currency.
2017年，短短半年多的时间，“ICO”在国内火爆到连大妈们都纷纷跟风杀入。据媒体报道，一些ICO项目已渗透到社区大妈，她们并不懂ICO到底是什么，也不了解投资风险，只关心能买代币，渴望可以“一夜暴富”。
In 2017, in just over six months, & ldquo; ICO & & rdquo; in the midst of a domestic fire, even mothers were killed. According to media reports, some ICO projects have infiltrated community mothers, who do not know what ICO is or what the risk of investing is, but are concerned with buying tokens and wanting & & ldquao; one-night rich & rdquao;
“最火爆的时候，国内有大约200多家大大小小的虚拟货币交易平台”，曾为某交易平台的负责人告诉中新网。
& ldquo; at the hottest time, there were about 200 virtual currency trading platforms & rdquao, large and small, in the country; once told the new Chinese network for the head of a trading platform.
国家互联网金融安全技术专家委员会的报告显示，面向国内提供ICO服务的相关平台有43家，截至2017年7月18日，在这些平台上线并完成ICO的项目有65个。若以2017年7月19日零点价格换算，上述平台完成的ICO项目累计融资26.16亿元人民币，且项目上线频率、ICO融资规模和用户参与程度均随月份呈加速上升趋势。
According to the report of the National Technical Expert Committee on Internet Financial Security, there are 43 relevant platforms for the domestic provision of ICO services, and as of 18 July 2017 there were 65 projects for which ICO was launched and completed.
在ICO支持的融资币种中，比特币和以太坊占比最高，二者合计占比达90%以上。市场上同时存在着各种让人眼花缭乱的虚拟货币，如狗狗币、夸克币、泽塔币、无限币等。风靡全球的比特币，据报价平台Bitstamp显示30日上涨10%达6289.78美元，约合41825元人民币，续刷历史新高。
Among the ICO-supported financing currencies, Bitcoin and Etheria together account for more than 90% of the total. Virtual currencies, such as dog, quark, zeta, and unlimited currency, exist simultaneously in the market.
“三无”状态，ICO沦为洗钱、诈骗渠道
& ldquao; No & rdquao; state that ICO became a money laundering, fraud channel
中国人民大学重阳金融研究院高级研究员董希淼告诉中新网，此前的ICO处于“无门槛、无标准、无监管”的“三无”状态，存在着较大的风险隐患。
The Senior Research Fellow of the Qiangyang Institute of Finance of the People's University of China, Dong Xijin, informed China that the former ICO was in “ there were no thresholds, no standards, no supervision & & rdquao; & & & & & rdquao; and that there were high risk risks.
中国互联网金融协会9月13日曾发布风险提示称，比特币等所谓的“虚拟货币”缺乏明确的价值基础，市场投机气氛浓厚，价格波动剧烈，投资者盲目跟风炒作，易造成资金损失，告诫投资者需强化风险防范意识。
The Chinese Internet Finance Association issued a risk alert on 13 September, stating that so-called & & & & & & & & & & & & & bitcoin; lack of a clear value base; a strong climate of market speculation, high price volatility, blindness of investors, risk loss, and warning investors of the need to strengthen risk prevention.
董希淼说，ICO平台及相关项目发端于互联网，平台和投资者绕过监管机构，发布和参与境外ICO项目，其违法行为难以监管。且比特币等交易平台买卖虚拟商品，没有记录、缺乏约束，难追溯，容易成洗钱的渠道。个人虚拟资产形式隐蔽，还存逃避纳税可能。真正严重的是，绝大部分的ICO项目并非真正的融资，而是打着区块链和数字货币等旗号，从事非法集资和金融诈骗活动。
Tung Hee-yung said that the ICO platform and related projects originated on the Internet, that the platforms and investors bypass the regulatory bodies, publish and participate in offshore ICO projects, and that it is difficult to regulate offences. And trading virtual goods in trading platforms like Bitcoin is unrecorded, unrestricted, difficult to trace, and prone to money-laundering.
“发行方编制虚假的项目白皮书，项目从虚拟博彩、交友平台、开挖金矿、投注游戏甚至设立在开曼群岛的投资项目五花八门，群众根本无法进行查证。”他说，“更为离奇的是，有些ICO项目连最基本的项目白皮书都没有，也能一两天获得数千万甚至上亿资金。”
& & ldquo; issuer produces false project white papers, projects that range from virtual lottery, dating platforms, gold mining, betting games, and even investment projects in the Cayman Islands, which the public is unable to verify. & & & & ldquao, he said; and, even more surprising, some ICO projects do not even have the most basic project white papers and can receive tens of millions of dollars a day or two. & & rdquo;
而针对此前媒体报道的用户代币被盗的新闻，上述某交易平台负责人告诉中新网，交易平台在用户转币、提现时，都有包括身份认证、电话认证甚至视频认证的各种关卡，若其账户被盗，极有可能是在公共电脑登陆了账户导致信息泄露，也有可能是遭遇了黑客攻击。
In response to earlier media reports about the theft of user tokens, the head of one of the above-mentioned trading platforms told Chinanet that the trading platform had various levels, including identification, telephone authentication and even video authentication, at the time of the user's currency transfer, and that if its account was stolen, it was highly likely that the information would be leaked by the entry of a public computer or that it would be subject to hacking.
监管出手，平台10月底关闭虚拟货币兑换业务
Supervised and the platform closed virtual currency exchange operations at the end of October
9月4日，中国人民银行等七部委发布《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》明确，代币发行融资本质上是一种未经批准非法公开融资的行为，涉嫌非法发售代币票券、非法发行证券以及非法集资、金融诈骗、传销等违法犯罪活动。要求自公告发布日起，各类代币发行融资活动应立即停止。
On 4 September, seven ministries and departments, including the People's Bank of China, issued a communiqué on the prevention of the risk of financing the issuance of money in currencies, which clearly states that the issuance of funds in currencies is essentially an unauthorized act of illegal public financing, suspected of illegal distribution of coupons, illegal issuance of securities, illegal collection of funds, financial fraud, and distribution of illegal criminal activities.
公告指出，任何所谓的代币融资交易平台不得从事法定货币与代币、“虚拟货币”相互之间的兑换业务，不得买卖或作为中央对手方买卖代币或“虚拟货币”，不得为代币或“虚拟货币”提供定价、信息中介等服务。
The bulletin states that no so-called money-financed trading platform shall engage in legal currency and currency, “ virtual currency & rdquo; exchange operations between them, purchase or sale of currency or & & rdquo; virtual currency & rdquo; non-demonstration or & & & & ldquo; virtual currency & & rdquo; provision of services such as pricing, information intermediation, etc. as a central counterpart.
“刚准备大干一场，监管就来了，特别迅速，召集开会再到亲自派人上门，我们平台也按照国家监管的要求及时关闭了平台。”某比特币交易平台负责人回忆说。
& & ldquo; as soon as we were ready for a big job, the regulatory came in, especially quickly, to call a meeting and send someone in person, and our platform was shut down in a timely manner, as required by national regulations. ” the head of a bitcoin trading platform recalled.
不止上述受访人所在的平台，官方公告发布后，国内几大比特币交易平台先后宣布于9月30日停止所有交易业务，并于10月底关闭虚拟货币兑换人民币业务。
After the official announcement, several large bitcoin trading platforms in the country announced the closure of all transactions on 30 September and the closure of virtual currency exchange operations at the end of October.
为加快提现清退工作，比特币中国近日宣布，实行提币阶梯费率制，即用户若于10月25日后办理提现提币业务，手续费将上调至原来的3倍。
In order to speed up the liquidation process, Bitcoin China recently announced the introduction of a line rate system, whereby user fees would be raised three times as much as they had been in the case of cash withdrawals after 25 October.
平台业务转向境外，普通玩币者退场
Platform operations are out of the country and ordinary currency players are out of the country
梳理发现，近两个月，泰国、中国、韩国相继禁止了代币融资的交易行为，俄罗斯计划将封禁提供比特币的网站，而英国、澳大利亚等国家出台政策或计划加强比特币等虚拟货币的监管。
In the past two months, Thailand, China and the Republic of Korea have successively banned money-financing transactions, Russia plans to block websites providing Bitcoin, while countries such as the United Kingdom and Australia have policies or plans to strengthen the regulation of virtual currencies such as Bitcoin.
自监管措施出台后，国内曾经存在的200多个交易平台部分倒闭，部分将业务转向境外。目前部分国家对虚拟货币的态度相对宽松，日本、卢森堡均对交易所发放过牌照;美国交易所需领取许可牌照，但监管非相对严格。
Since the regulatory measures were introduced, more than 200 trading platforms that existed in the country have been partially shut down, and some have shifted their operations abroad. Some countries are now relatively liberal about virtual currency, with Japan and Luxembourg issuing licences to exchanges; and the United States is required to obtain licence plates for transactions that are not relatively stringent.
据上述平台的负责人称，存活下来的交易平台已转向境外，不再提供人民币充值业务，绝大部分“小白”及普通的玩币者，没有境外账户，换汇方面也存在困难，因此选择退出市场或保持观望态度;而剩下10%的“高端玩家”或专业人士，则转向境外平台进行币币交易。
According to the head of the above-mentioned platform, the trading platform that has survived has moved out of the country and no longer provides the renminbi charge, with the vast majority of “ & & rdquo; and ordinary currency players, who have no offshore accounts and difficulties in exchanging money, opting out of the market or maintaining a watchful attitude; the remaining 10 per cent & ldquo; high-end players & & rdquo; or professionals, turning to offshore platforms for currency transactions.
所谓币币交易，即为一种数字资产与另一种数字资产之间的交易，如比特币兑莱特币的交易。这种交易与用某种法定货币充值购买数字资产相比较为复杂，因此让普通玩币者望而生畏，选择退出市场。
A so-called currency transaction, that is, a transaction between a digital asset and another digital asset, such as a bitcoin-Lert currency transaction. Such a transaction is more complex than a purchase of a digital asset at the full cost of a legal currency and therefore leaves the general currency player in a position of fear to opt out of the market.
初审编辑 杨迪
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